Application Frameworks
As you can see, the trend in Data Access is to abstract into higher and higher levels within your applications. As data access libraries are generating entity classes, the question around locating data validation logic can become a slippery slope. If a data access generated entity can validate correct data types, maybe it should also validate that postal codes and phone numbers are of the correct format. Should they also cross-validate postal codes with states/provinces?
Should these error messages be managed inside of my entities? The waters can be muddied quite quickly.
It is therefore worthy to briefly mention a few of the more popular application frameworks that embrace a holistic view of data access in the scope of an application.
CSLA.NET (Component-based Scalable Logical Architecture) is a framework developed principally by author Rocky Lhotka in conjunction with his popularseries of Business Objects books. When first released, CSLA was focused on
Visual Basic 6, but over the years it has remained very current on the latest Microsoft technologies and is now principally maintained in C# and ported to VB. In CSLA, data is fully encapsulated by rich business objects that manage all behavior including persistence. CSLA facilitates the re-use of business objects in many possible client technologies including ASP.NET, WPF, WinForms, and Silverlight including distributed architectures using Web Services.
DevForce from IdeaBlade is a commercially available framework for building rich, distributed applications in Silverlight, WPF, WinForms, and ASP.NET.
DevForce builds on top of the Entity Framework for its persistence layer and includes a Business Objects server for distributed architectures. DevForce is a popular application framework and has been around since 2001.
Enter Data Services
When it comes to building distributed applications, your mileage will vary with the array of data access technologies. Dealing with serialization and concurrency issues in those environments is beyond the scope of this article. However, it is important to mention what appears to be yet another data access technology available from Microsoft called ADO.NET Data Services, formerly code-named
“Astoria”. Astoria was made available with .NET 3.5 SP1.Astoria is an HTTP service layer built on top of WCF that provides a REST-style
API to your data, giving each of your elements of data a unique URI (for example, http://host/northwind.svc/Products(1) ). Out of the box, this service can be enabled for an Entity Framework model or any other IUpdateable/IQueryable data source in just a few lines of code. Data is queryable and updateable via pure
HTTP verbs (PUT, POST, DELETE, and GET) using query strings and HTTP payload. Data can be serialized in either AtomPub or JSON format. The net effect is that your data model is widely interoperable with a dizzying array of potential clients and technologies.
Although you are free to build up complex query strings and HTTP payloads for just about any type of operation, the Astoria team has created client libraries to assist in these endeavors. Firstly, an ASP.NET Ajax library is available on
CodePlex to allow JavaScript developers to easily work with Astoria Services.
Secondly, as part of the core installation, there is a .NET Client Library which provides a natural query model using LINQ and projecting data into client side
.NET objects for use by your .NET or Silverlight projects.
A new project, currently named “RIA Services” (code-named “Alexandria”), builds on top of ADO.NET Data Services by also providing rich validation and UI cues on top of your data model in a client/server model. This technology probably won’t be released until around the .NET 4.0 timeframe, but it is definitely something you should keep your eye on.
Definitions of OMA-SCOMO
| Interface | See [OMA-DICT]. |
| Content Provider | An entity that provides data which forms the basis of a service. |
| Device | See [OMA-DICT] |
| Device Management | Management of the Device configuration and other managed objects of Devices from the point of view of the various Management Authorities. Device Management includes: - Setting initial configuration information in Devices - Subsequent updates of persistent information in Devices - Retrieval of management information from Devices - Processing events and alarms generated by Devices |
| Device Management System | A background system capable to interact with a (set of) Device(s) for the purpose of Device Management. |
| Enterprise | A business with deployment and Management Authority for WLAN Bearers, Local Wired Bearers, computers, Devices, software, and employees. |
| Enterprise Device Management Server | Part of the Device Management System that is under administration of an Enterprise Management Authority. |
| Management Authority | An entity that has the right to perform a specific Device Management function on a Device or manipulate a given data element or parameter. For example, the Network Operator, handset manufacturer, enterprise, or Device owner may be the authority or share authority for managing the Device. One Management Authority may own all Device resources or may share or delegate all or parts of these with/to other Management Authorities |
| Management Object | A data model for information which is a logical part of the interfaces exposed by DM components |
| Software Component Management Object | A management tree object defined for software components which will be used for delivering and managing software components within client device. |
| Software Component Activation | The process which results in services or resources a software component embodies to be made accessible to other entities (including the end-user). |
| Software Component Deactivation | The process which results in services or resources a software component embodies to be made inaccessible to other entities (including the end-user). . |
| Service Provider | An entity that provides and administers a service to a Subscriber and/or User. The Network Operator is often a Service Provider. |
| Software Originator | The entity that creates, directly or through a third party, software and/or data targeted for use in a Device, Platform or Base Station. In the event that the software and/or data is controlled by a Regulatory Agency, the Software Originator is responsible for obtaining any Regulatory Agency license and Label. |
| Subscriber | The individual or organisation that is paying for service. |
| User | The individual who is in possession of and operates the Device. |
| SCOMO Alert | SCOMO specific alerts which convey the result of SCOMO Operations via DM Generic Alert mechanism [DMPRO]. |
| SCOMO Operations | Download, Install, Update, Remove, Activate and Deactivate operations which may be invoked on a Software Component MO as well as inventory queries. |
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